Communicating design Materials and finishes The decorative scheme Acoustics Furniture Colour Light Selecting materials What is so special about materials and finishes? Layout is often as much about what is left off the board as about what is put on. Accurate scale drawings were produced. The book ’s designer, Borries Schwesinger, has turned that collection of images and the accompanying text into a coherent visual story which really is greater than the sum of it s parts. This feeling of character or history, the spirit of a place, is strengthened by the proportions of the volume and the position of existing building elements such as windows and doorways, all of which will impose a certain sense of order upon the space. Client approval Implementation Communicating design The design process in action Professional practice Development The development stage of the project is one of the most interesting for the designer. In the plan oblique or axonometric drawing, the plan shape of any item remains unchanged as it is elevated to its correct height in the drawing. If changes are made to the structure without adequate precautions being made, then the structure will at best be weakened, and at worst collapse. In order to appreciate the effectiveness of the scheme as fully as possible, it is important to mimic the proportions of each finish relative to the others. Objects that are wholly above one-metre level may be shown on the plan, but will be delineated in a different style of line to objects below the one-metre level to aid the legibility of the drawing (usually a broken or ‘dashed’ line). Although we dispose of huge amounts of plastic, an increasing amount is being recycled, and products made with recycled content are often indistinguishable from those made with virgin material. The building is Fallingwater, by Frank Lloyd Wright at Bear Run, Pennsylvania, USA. Organising the space The human interface Sustainable design Communicating design Understanding spatial relationships A typology of technical drawing 51 Here, elevations for each of the four walls are shown. Perspective drawings are one-point, two-point or three-point varieties, with the names referring to the number of vanishing points employed. This is a factor of most analyses, but it can be a visual exercise as well as a literary one. The look or feel of a material can communicate mood and emotion in a very special way. Glass provides many opportunities with apparently contradictory qualities of enclosure and transparency. As this process continues, some of the options will begin to appear as favourites, while others will edit themselves out of the scheme, simply because they do not work as well as others. Geothermal energy In a number of locations worldwide (notably Japan, Iceland, and parts of western USA), subterranean water heated to very high temperatures in the earth ’s crust can be used in a heat exchanger to provide heating for large and small buildings. By way of contrast, an indoor swimming pool will probably generate a very different response from us. It should be said that, while the designer is always aiming to provide the best solution possible, that solution is almost certainly going to include compromises. In this contemporary take on the traditional deli, new shapes and styles of furnishings and fittings are married to a use of materials that have been found in similar establishments for decades. Consequently, it is something that interior designers can help to combat through the choices that they make in their work. There may well be two or three materials that could be used equally successfully, so you have the opportunity to work through the different options and decide which material will create the best aesthetic impression. When designing a lighting scheme, attention should be paid to the proposed colours and finishes, as these have a large bearing on how effective the lighting is. Shakers believed in ‘putting your hands to work and your hearts to God’. the fundamentals of interior design Dec 06, 2020 Posted By Gilbert Patten Media TEXT ID b355e5be Online PDF Ebook Epub Library to the key elements of interior design and the ideas that underpin them the book describes the entirety of the creative process from researching initial ideas to realizing The mats are never laid in a simple grid pattern, and are arranged so that no more than two corners meet at any point. The book describes the entirety of the creative process, from researching initial ideas to realizing them in three-dimensional form. The subsection you are currently in is also highlighted in bold. The designer will be sourcing furniture, finishes and fabrics which will be chosen for their aesthetic and practical fit with the concept, with space-planning constraints also informing furniture choices. As soon as viable planning solutions begin to emerge, the designer will need to consider the three-dimensional implications of the two-dimensional plan by making simple drawings (sketch elevations, sketch axonometric, isometric views or sketch perspectives) using the proposed furniture layout. Taking account of ergonomic needs, the designer will seek to create a balanced and effective furniture layout that meets the functional needs of the user. CRC Press is an imprint of the, Second Edition This is where the control of the acoustic is more art then science, and it is well within the ability of the interior designer to manage this. If necessary, the space can be surveyed in detail, and using dedicated software applications the expected acoustic performance of the space can be judged, and appropriate measures taken. That said, it is also important to keep an open mind when sourcing. Drawings that have been traced in ink using technical pens will feel considerably more finished, but the stark contrast of black on white can make them seem quite empty. There is no reason why free-standing pieces should not also be commissioned especially for a scheme, if budget permits. Can’t drawings all be made by using drafting software on any good computer? When it is necessary to show construction details for bespoke work, it might be appropriate to draw at full size, or a scale of 1 : 1. The boards are all A2 size. Good interior design adds a new dimension to a space. A quick comparison of the overall dimensions of the space at typical scales will show which scale is the most appropriate for a particular drawing. The problems of integrating unsightly air conditioning into the existing structure of this bar have been cleverly solved by Nelson Designs. Pieces of board can be painted up using sample paint cans and even when specifying bespoke items, it is usually possible to obtain samples of the intended finishes from the manufacturer. Revisions to the plan during space planning do not indicate any failure on the part of the designer; rather they show that the process is working as it should to produce the best possible solution. The mineral content of the clay will define the colour of the fired brick, which may vary from dark brown through red to yellow. The best effects and schemes are conceived when light is given equal status with the planning of the space. None of these professionals will necessarily be experts in all aspects of a project, and will call on other specialists (such as structural engineers or lighting designers) to help fully realise their ideas. Preliminary guide budget Scope of works Commissioning stages Preliminary project timetable ( Gantt chart ) Fee proposal to client includes details of work to be undertaken and proposed charges Client approval Full brief Design analysis Concept Sourcing Planning Decorative scheme Client presentation / Sign-off Detail design Schedules and specifications Detailed costings This diagram represents the stages of the design process, though each element can change or be adapted as required by the project. It is considered by many to be one of the most beautiful buildings ever designed. Highly energy-efficient buildings can be made by inserting insulation between the vertical and horizontal timbers, creating buildings that perform extremely well in some of the most extreme climates, such as the northern hemisphere winters of Canada and Scandinavia. Scientists, artists and philosophers have proposed different ‘colour models’ as they try to explain how colours work. These qualities may not be readily apparent in the planning stages of a project, but they should be considered as early as possible if their impact is to be maximised. Although this means that colours from opposite ends of the spectrum (red and violet) are now adjacent on the wheel, the effect is a seamless progression of colours from any one point on the wheel to any other point. You also have to perform a careful balancing act with the raw information. It motivates and helps spur the designer on to discover more of what the project holds. Wall mount Horizontal Heating Radiator Lose too much wall space Jaga? Some of the reasons why colours seem to shift and change are outlined below. It helps the designer to understand the implications of the decisions that have been made regarding the colour scheme, which should be considered during the design development. Special things happen when insight leads to turning an idea on its head, or doing something contrary to what the client is expecting, or doing it in a way that hasn’t been done before, will answer the brief in a better, more efficient or more beautiful way. So what is a successful scheme about? a brief from them, to developing a concept. The oversized pendant provides an element of dramatic glamour, elongating the space, while the recessed uplighters highlight the organic texture of the local stone behind. Existing Furniture A / V cabinet New Sofa Need ‘lighter look’ – not floor hugging 2 chairs Needs Doors Resize to 1 ½ ? The ease with which viewpoints can be moved by dragging a mouse allows the composition of a drawing to be quickly refined. Clients will not have confidence in designers who supply dirty, damaged, or carelessly constructed presentation material, and could find it easier to decline to take the project further. The size of border, if any, has an impact upon the feel of the board. – Charging a design fee based on an assessment or projection of hours worked on the project. Full E-book Design Fundamentals for the Digital Age (Interior Design) For Kindle It has been crystallised around the occurrence in some parts of the London Underground of walkways that partially intersect, giving people on station platforms incomplete glimpses of other walkways, and the people using them. The discovery of an idea and the realisation that it can be used and made into something special is exciting, it is an experience that designers live for. 163 The boards themselves are unique, bespoke, creations in their own right. 1999 The Creative Office Gingko Press Weaving, A. Development work can sometimes be hard, requiring a great deal of thought and re-working until the result is as perfect as is practicable, but the pleasure and pride that the designer experiences when it goes well are worth the effort. Many projects, whether domestic or commercial, will have more than one individual as the client. A sequence of two, three, four or more consecutive numbers can be drawn from any point within the series and used as regulators in a design. Furniture declares the period from which it originates through its shape and other cues of pattern and surface decoration. It has a job to do; in addition to providing a comfortable environment for us to inhabit, the scheme is the vehicle by which the original interpretation of mood that came from the design analysis and concept are carried into the real world. The light falls in gentle pools which draw enticingly on and up the stairs. As described earlier, they are drawn to scale and therefore show a proportionally accurate representation of the space and associated walls without the linear perspective that we usually experience when viewing an object. The axis created in this room by the long dining table flanked by several chairs is reinforced still further by the placement of the light fittings over the table. These should all connect with the concept in some way; colour should come from the palette suggested by the concept, and texture and form should also work in sympathy with the visual references suggested by the concept. Arguably the most appropriate method of charging is that which sees the designer charging a design fee. It is important to ensure that the balance of practical and aesthetic is carefully considered, as planning naturally tends towards the practical, sometimes at the expense of good aesthetics. Telling the story Presentation drawings Presentation boards Multimedia presentations Every presentation is essentially a sales pitch, and the person who is presenting should try to adopt every technique, however subtle and apparently unimportant, to close the sale and put forward a convincing proposal. Large trestle tables (some over 20 feet long) were designed for shared dining. The design process Understanding the project Understanding the space Understanding building structures Organising the space The human interface Sustainable design Communicating design Free-standing and built-in furniture 128 Furniture can be categorised as either free standing or built in. It is quite possible for the arrangement to be balanced and dynamic at the same time. The Fundamentals of Interior Design provides a thorough introduction to the key elements of interior design and the ideas that underpin them.The book describes the entirety of the creative process, from researching initial ideas to realizing them in three-dimensional form.Throughout the text, guidelines are given to provide structure and the reader is encouraged to adapt and initiate … In fact, it is sometimes a more important part of building a good client / designer relationship than being able to provide an extensive curriculum vitae. Mind maps are diagrams that are used to visually represent ideas and associations surrounding a central thought or problem. 11 1 The design process ‘The design process’ is a term that covers a set of operations which, when carefully undertaken by the designer, result in a thoroughly considered and well-crafted design solution that meets the needs of the client. Because you will often be trying to connect with a client on an emotional level, establishing a good rapport is a must. Think about an everyday action such as opening a door. Design might be seen as a largely linear activity, with a start point (at which the client makes first contact with the designer), and an end point, when the project has been implemented (that is, constructed or built). Interior designers can pick up on this by carefully sourcing these products and making use of them where possible. The book describes the entirety of the creative process, from researching initial ideas to realizing them in three-dimensional form. Light fittings are likely to evolve radically to cope with the need to reduce energy use over the next few decades. The Golden Section rectangle is relatively straightforward to construct and can be used to regulate the proportions of many elements of a design. There are so many variables that it does not pay to be dogmatic about the rules of colour. The presence of nearby colours can subtly alter the hue of others. For example, looking back at the previous example, the brushed metal finish that would be so appropriate in our city loft could be added as a bespoke treatment to a table top, to shelving, or it could be used more daringly as wall cladding or flooring. Asymmetrical balance refers the state of visual equilibrium achieved when elements of varying size, shape, colour and so on are arranged by careful consideration of their properties. Drawing is an excellent way of comparing alternatives, of seeing different options side by side. Orientation: Landscape format is generally more appropriate than portrait, but breaking from the norm can add impact. All these groups may have difficulty in negotiating entrances or navigating spaces that ambulant people take for granted. Simon Dodsworth The Fundamentals of Interior Design F Contents How to get the most out of this book 6 Introduction 8 1 2 3 4 The design process 12 Understanding the project 26 Understanding the space 46 Understanding building structures 64 The design process in action 14 The client 28 Understanding spatial relationships 48 Building construction principles 66 A typology of technical drawing 56 Materials for construction 70 Professional practice 24 The briefing 30 Design analysis 32 Building and site research 38 Mechanical and electrical systems 76 5 6 7 8 Organising the space 78 The human interface 104 Sustainable design 142 Communicating design 150 Design development 80 Materials and finishes 106 Climate change 144 Telling the story 152 Human dimensions and scale 86 The decorative scheme 114 Energy-saving strategies and services 146 Presentation drawings 154 Proportioning systems 92 Ordering systems 96 Inclusive design 102 Acoustics 122 Furniture 126 Sustainability and material use 148 Colour 130 Light 138 Sources of inspiration 170 Index 172 Image sources 174 Acknowledgements 176 Working with ethics 177 Presentation boards 162 Multimedia presentations 168 6 How to get the most out of this book The design process 14 Understanding the project Understanding the space Understanding building structures Organising the space The human interface Sustainable design The design process in action Communicating design The design process in action Analysis In the following description of the major parts of the design process, the comments made earlier about its flexibility should be borne in mind; any or all of the actions described here could be adapted to suit individual projects. The knowledge that you gain by looking at structures will add greatly to your projects and, just as importantly, being able to speak with a degree of confidence about structure will give you credibility with contractors and clients alike. Some surface finishes are not as durable as might be imagined, so careful selection is needed. When beginning to sketch, students are often apprehensive about making marks on the pristine pages of a sketchbook, particularly if they feel they do not have a talent for sketching. If, despite all efforts, it is not possible to get physical samples, then photographs can be used. Providing more seats than are expected to be required in public spaces should ensure that anxiety about proximity to strangers is kept to a minimum. Here, a contemporary design by Timorous Beasties makes reference to the past. 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